The term "positive identification" includes which of the following?

The term "positive identification" encompasses various methods used to verify the identity of individuals in both pharmacy practices and broader healthcare settings. Each of the options provided represents an acceptable method for establishing this level of identification.

Manual signatures on hard-copy records are a traditional and legally recognized method of confirming a person's identity. When a professional signs a document, it serves as an authentication that confirms their identity and authority to provide the services or authorizations indicated.

Bar code readers combined with computer passwords offer a modern technological solution for positive identification. The bar code reader enhances accuracy and efficiency in identifying patients or medications, while enrolling a computer password adds an additional layer of security and verification that the person interacting with the system is who they claim to be.

Thumbprint readers and magnetic card readers also fall within the realm of positive identification. These devices utilize biometric data and electronic identification methods, respectively, to confirm identity, enhancing security and access control in environments like pharmacies where sensitive information and medications are handled.

By including all of these methods—signature verification, technological identification via bar code and password, as well as biometric and magnetic card systems—one ensures a comprehensive and robust approach to establishing positive identification, crucial in maintaining patient safety and regulatory compliance in pharmacy practice.